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Road trips

Toronto to Muskoka (Huntsville) EV round trip: charging stops and winter range

In January, 53 of 53 EVs make the 437 km round trip without charging at the destination; 38 need one stop or fewer.

round trip
437 km
make it in January
53 of 53
make it at −20 °C
53 of 53
January average
−7 °C
fast-charging hubs
20

The classic cottage run takes Highway 400 to Barrie and Highway 11 north through Gravenhurst and Bracebridge to Huntsville. Many cottages have no charger, so we check the round trip as if you cannot plug in at the destination.

I'm driving Toronto ⇄ Muskoka (Huntsville) in .

437 km round trip, no charging at the destination · about −7 °C along the road in January · 20 fast-charging hubs along it

Which EVs make it

53 of 53 comfortably, 0 tight, 0 not recommended.

Hyundai IONIQ 9 Essential RWD

539 km official range · NACS port · Superchargers: yes · Heat pump: yes

Range in January
407 km
at −7 °C, highway, full battery
Longest stretch
38 km
Huntsville to Bracebridge
Charging stops
1
Fewest stops that work
Time
6:05
Drive 5:55 + charging 0:10 = 6:05
Charging cost
$5
Estimate · public DC only, not the charge at home

Comfortable. Every stretch between charges leaves about 20% or more of the usable range spare.

The road, stretch by stretch

Longest gap 38 kmMuskoka (Huntsville) (turn around)Cookstown1Toronto · km 0Toronto · km 437
Comfortable stretchTight stretchLonger than this car can safely goFast charger that fits (40)Charger with another plug or no access (0)

Hyundai IONIQ 9 Essential RWD, Toronto to Toronto and back: Comfortable, 1 stop. Longest stretch without a compatible fast charger: 38 km, Huntsville to Bracebridge. 40 compatible fast-charging hubs on the way.

  • km 219 to 256: 38 km, comfortable
  • km 180 to 218: 38 km, comfortable
  • km 148 to 180: 33 km, comfortable
  • km 256 to 289: 33 km, comfortable
  • km 96 to 128: 32 km, comfortable

Your stops

NRCan/AFDC data lists stations; it cannot tell us which are broken today. Each backup is a fallback, not an uptime guarantee. Check PlugShare or the network app before you leave.

  1. Stop 1: Cookstown, ON · Petro-Canada · 160 kW

    km 365 · arrive 10%, leave 28% · about 10 min · $5

    • Single port: higher risk

    Backup: Innisfil (Ivy, 6 DC ports, confirmed Oct 16, 2026), km 359.

  2. Toronto

    km 437 · arrive with about 10%

The same trip in other months

Hyundai IONIQ 9 Essential RWD specs and price

Every EV on Toronto to Muskoka (Huntsville): July, January and −20 °C

Ranked by the January result. Temperatures are ECCC 1991–2020 monthly means averaged over Toronto Pearson (Airport), ON, Muskoka, ON; the cold-snap column uses a flat −20 °C. Round trips assume no charging at the destination.

EVPlugJulyJanuary−20 °C
Hyundai IONIQ 9 Essential RWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Hyundai IONIQ 6 Preferred RWDCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Tesla Model 3 Premium RWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Polestar 4 Long Range Single MotorCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Hyundai IONIQ 5 Preferred Long RangeNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Chevrolet Blazer EV LT AWDCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Tesla Model Y RWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
BMW i4 eDrive40CCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Nissan LEAF S+NACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Polestar 3 Dual MotorCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Chevrolet Equinox EV LT FWDCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Cadillac Optiq Luxury RWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Toyota C-HR SE FWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Lexus RZ 350e SignatureNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Toyota bZ Woodland AWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Subaru Trailseeker TouringNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Volvo EX30 CoreCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Toyota bZ XLE FWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Tesla Cybertruck AWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Honda Prologue EX-L AWDCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Polestar 2 Long Range Dual Motor PlusCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Polestar 2 Single MotorCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Chevrolet Bolt LTNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Hyundai Kona Electric PreferredCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Volvo EC40 Twin CoreCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Ford Mustang Mach-E SelectCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Lexus ES 350e SignatureNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Volvo EX40 Core Twin MotorCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
VinFast VF 8 EcoCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Audi Q4 e-tron 45 RWDCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Rivian R1T Dual MotorNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Kia EV6 Land AWD GT-LineNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Volvo EX90 Twin Plus Performance (7-seat)CCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Ford F-150 Lightning Pro 4x4 SuperCrewCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Chevrolet Silverado EV LT (Standard Range)CCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
Chevrolet Silverado EV Work Truck (Standard Range)CCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
GMC Sierra EV ElevationCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stops
GMC Hummer EV Pickup 2XCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable1 stopComfortable1 stop
Kia EV6 Light RWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stopsComfortable2 stops
Genesis GV60 Advanced AWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stopsComfortable2 stops
Subaru Uncharted FWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stopsComfortable2 stops
Nissan LEAF SNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stopsComfortable2 stops
Kia EV9 Light RWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stopsComfortable2 stops
Kia EV5 Light FWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stopsComfortable3 stops
Kia EV4 Light FWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stopsComfortable2 stops
Nissan Ariya SV FWDCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable2 stopsComfortable2 stops
MINI Countryman SE ALL4 ElementaryCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable2 stopsComfortable3 stops
Volkswagen ID.4 RWD 62 kWhCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable2 stopsComfortable3 stops
Kia Niro EV WindCCS1Comfortable1 stopComfortable2 stopsComfortable2 stops
Kia EV3 Light FWDNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stopsComfortable2 stops
Subaru Solterra ConvenienceNACSComfortable1 stopComfortable2 stopsComfortable2 stops
MINI Cooper SE ClassicCCS1Comfortable2 stopsComfortable2 stopsComfortable3 stops
Fiat 500e BaseCCS1Comfortable3 stopsComfortable4 stopsComfortable5 stops

Longest gaps between compatible fast chargers

Which chargers count depends on the plug and on Supercharger access, so the same road has four different gap maps. The three longest stretches for each group:

RankTeslaNACS-port (non-Tesla)CCS1 with Supercharger accessCCS1, no Supercharger access
138 kmBracebridge → Huntsville38 kmBracebridge → Huntsville38 kmBracebridge → Huntsville38 kmBracebridge → Huntsville
233 kmWashago → Bracebridge33 kmWashago → Bracebridge33 kmWashago → Bracebridge36 kmBarrie → Orillia
332 kmBarrie → Orillia32 kmBarrie → Orillia32 kmBarrie → Orillia33 kmWashago → Bracebridge

Round trip without charging at the destination

Weekend trips to Muskoka (Huntsville) often end at a cottage, condo or hotel with no fast charger, so we plan the drive up and back as one 437 km trip. The critical stretch is from the last compatible fast charger on the way up, to Muskoka (Huntsville), and back to that same charger. In January, 0 of 53 EVs can do the whole round trip without charging at all.

  • Every plug type: there is a compatible charger in Huntsville (km 218), right at the destination. If it is busy or down, the previous one is Bracebridge at km 180, which makes the stretch to Muskoka (Huntsville) and back 76 km.

Fast chargers on Toronto to Muskoka (Huntsville)

78 public DC fast-charging sites at 20 charging hubs within 5 km of the route, from the NRCan/AFDC station list (snapshot Oct 16, 2026). Pricing is shown as the network reports it. A listing is not a guarantee the charger works today.

SitekmNetworkPlugsDC portsMax kWLast confirmedPricing
Toronto, ON · km 0 · 70 DC ports · CCS1, NACS, CHAdeMO
ImPark - Citibank Building123 Front St W0IndependentCCS1, CHAdeMO150 / 50Apr 12, 2021$24 per hour
Toronto, ON - Lakeshore Blvd W - Tesla Supercharger111 Princes' BoulevardOpen to other EVs0TeslaNACS12250Jun 18, 2026—
GreenP - CP36 - 110 Queen St W. - Fast Chargers100 Queen Street West0FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO350 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
AURA Lake Shore BLVD500 Lake Shore BLVD W0FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO244.8 / 44.8Oct 16, 2026—
Loblaws Bayview Village - Toronto2877 Bayview Ave0JuleCCS1, CHAdeMO4150 / 62.5Aug 12, 2025$1.00 connection fee; Price per minute based on vehicle demand; $0.40 per min @ 50 kW; $0.47 per min @ 100 kW; $0.55 per min @ 150 kW
GreenP - CP43 - 2 Church St - Fast Chargers West2 Church Street0FLOCCS12100Oct 16, 2026—
GreenP - CP43 - 2 Church St - Fast Charger East2 Church St0FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO150 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
100 Queens Quay East - P1 Fast Chargers100 Queens Quay East0FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO250 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
GREENP CP53-001-FC803 Richmond Street West0ChargePointCCS1, CHAdeMO162 / 62.5Oct 16, 2026—
GREENP CP26-001-FC33 Queen Street East0ChargePointCCS1, CHAdeMO162 / 62.5Oct 16, 2026—
GREENP CP26-002-FC33 Queen St E0ChargePointCCS1, CHAdeMO140 / 40Oct 16, 2026—
C45065 Toronto EV548 Richmond St E0Shell RechargeCCS1, NACS4180 / 180Oct 16, 2026—
Porsche DealershipPolson Street0FLOCCS1220Oct 16, 2026—
ImPark - University Centre393 University AveLimited hours / customers only0IndependentCCS1, CHAdeMO150 / 50Mar 4, 2022$5 first hour, $0.20 per min after first hour
Toronto, ON - Bay Street - Tesla Supercharger220 Yonge StreetTeslas only0TeslaNACS1675Jun 18, 2026—
FLO - Cadillac Fairview - Toronto Eaton Centre220 Yonge St (525 Bay & Dundas Parkade P2)0FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO150 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
Lexington Condominiums South Side45 Carlton St.1FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO1100 / 100Oct 16, 2026—
King's College Circle Garage27 King's College CirRestricted access2JuleCCS1, CHAdeMO3150 / 75Aug 12, 2025$0.50 per kWh
ImPark175 Bloor St E2IndependentCCS1, CHAdeMO150 / 50Apr 12, 2021Free
GreenP - CP107 - 251 MacPherson Ave- Fast Charger251 Macpherson Avenue3FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO150 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
GreenP - CP93 - 675 Manning Ave - Fast Charger675 Manning Avenue5FLOCCS1150Oct 16, 2026—
GreenP - CP130 - 7 Bartlett Ave - Fast Charger7 Bartlett Avenue5FLOCCS1150Oct 16, 2026—
GreenP - CP29 - 75 Holly St - Fast Charger75 Holly St6FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO150 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
GreenP - CP41 - 7 Norton Ave - Fast Charger7 Norton Avenue8FLOCCS1150Oct 16, 2026—
GreenP - CP82 - 9 Emerson Ave - Fast Charger9 Emerson Avenue8FLOCCS1250Oct 16, 2026—
GreenP - CP44 - 14 Fuller Ave - Fast Charger14 Fuller Avenue9FLOCCS1150Oct 16, 2026—
GreenP - CP504 - 9 Willingdon Blvd - Fast Charger9 Willingdon Boulevard9FLOCCS1250Oct 16, 2026—
GreenP - CP143 - 265 Willard Ave - Fast Charger265 Willard Avenue9FLOCCS1150Oct 16, 2026—
Toronto, ON · km 14 · 22 DC ports · CCS1, NACS
Toronto, ON - Lawrence Avenue West - Tesla Supercharger700 Lawrence Ave WOpen to other EVs14TeslaNACS20325Jun 18, 2026—
Yorkdale Volkswagen600 Wilson Ave14ChargelabCCS1124Oct 16, 2026—
GreenP - CP650 - 16 John St - Fast Charger16 John Street16FLOCCS1150Oct 16, 2026—
Etobicoke, ON · km 21 · 2 DC ports · CCS1
2687 Kipling2687 Kipling Ave21ChargelabCCS12101Oct 16, 2026—
Toronto, ON · km 23 · 2 DC ports · CCS1, CHAdeMO
TRCA HO LEVEL 3 - 15 Shoreham Dr23ChargePointCCS1, CHAdeMO162 / 62.5Oct 16, 2026—
TRCA HO LEVEL 3 - 25 Shoreham Drive23ChargePointCCS1, CHAdeMO162 / 62.5Oct 16, 2026—
Vaughan, ON · km 25 · 54 DC ports · CCS1, NACS, CHAdeMO
IKEA200 Interchange Way25IndependentCCS1, CHAdeMO250 / 50Dec 12, 2022Free
GM - Roy Foss GMC Woodbridge2 Auto Park Cir25Ev ConnectCCS1124Oct 16, 2026—
PETRO-CANADA CP 00959 - 13733 Highway 725Petro-CanadaCCS12200Oct 16, 2026—
PETRO-CANADA CP 00959 - 23733 Highway 725Petro-CanadaCCS12200Oct 16, 2026—
Vaughan, ON - Highway 7 - Tesla Supercharger3940 Hwy 7Open to other EVs25TeslaNACS16250Jun 18, 2026—
FLO - Canadian Tire - Woodbridge3850 Hwy 725FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO250 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
Longo's Rutherford5283 Rutherford Rd28JuleCCS1, CHAdeMO4150 / 50Aug 12, 2025$0.48 per kWh
Concord, ON - Tesla Supercharger1 Bass Pro Mills DriveTeslas only29TeslaNACS20150Jun 18, 2026—
CircleK - Woodbridge, ON3650 Rutherford Rd29Couche TardCCS1, CHAdeMO4180 / 100Jul 15, 2026—
Maple Mercedes-Benz9300 Jane Street30FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO1100 / 100Oct 16, 2026—
Vaughan, ON · km 32 · 17 DC ports · CCS1, NACS, CHAdeMO
Vaughan, ON - Major MacKenzie Drive West - Tesla Supercharger2911 Major MacKenzie Dr WOpen to other EVs32TeslaNACS16250Jun 18, 2026—
Alectra - 161 Cityview - Public (L3 -50kW)161 Cityview Blvd32FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO150 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
King City, ON · km 37 · 6 DC ports · CCS1, NACS, CHAdeMO
ONroute King City12001 ON-400 Northbound37IvyCCS1, NACS, CHAdeMO6100 / 100 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
King City, ON · km 41 · 3 DC ports · CCS1, NACS
Coppa's Fresh Market1700 King Rd41JuleCCS1, NACS3200 / 200Feb 13, 2026$0.48 per kWh
Cookstown, ON · km 72 · 8 DC ports · CCS1, NACS, CHAdeMO
AURA Tanger Cookstown3311 Simcoe Rd 8972FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO444.8 / 44.8Oct 16, 2026—
PETRO-CANADA 10437 - 23535 Ontario 8972Petro-CanadaCCS1, NACS1160 / 160Oct 16, 2026—
PETRO-CANADA 10437-13535 Ontario 8972Petro-CanadaCCS1, NACS1160 / 160Oct 16, 2026—
SuncorHighway 89 & 40072IndependentCCS1, CHAdeMO250 / 50Apr 13, 2022$0.33 per minute
Innisfil, ON · km 77 · 6 DC ports · CCS1, NACS, CHAdeMO
ONroute Innisfil6400 ON-40077IvyCCS1, NACS, CHAdeMO6100 / 100 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
Innisfil, ON · km 82 · 2 DC ports · CCS1, CHAdeMO
C22425 Innisfil2098 Commerce Park Dr82Shell RechargeCCS1, CHAdeMO2180 / 100Oct 16, 2026—
Barrie, ON · km 87 · 21 DC ports · CCS1, NACS, CHAdeMO
Barrie Nissan - DC630 Veterans Drive87FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO1100 / 100Oct 16, 2026—
Canadian Tire 444 (Barrie, ON)75 Mapleview Drive W87Electrify CanadaCCS1, CHAdeMO4350 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
Barrie, ON - Tesla Supercharger100 Mapleview Drive EastTeslas only88TeslaNACS8150Jun 18, 2026—
ONroute Barrie201 Fairview Rd89IvyCCS1, NACS, CHAdeMO8100 / 50 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
Barrie, ON · km 96 · 24 DC ports · CCS1, NACS, CHAdeMO
Barrie, ON - Bayfield Street - Tesla Supercharger450 Bayfield StTeslas only96TeslaNACS20150Jun 18, 2026—
PETRO-CANADA B 01446 - 1175 Cundles Road East97Petro-CanadaCCS1, CHAdeMO1350 / 75Oct 16, 2026—
PETRO-CANADA B 01446 - 2175 Cundles Road East97Petro-CanadaCCS1, CHAdeMO1350 / 75Oct 16, 2026—
Suncor185 Ferris Ln97IndependentCCS1250Mar 7, 2025—
Orillia, ON · km 128 · 8 DC ports · NACS
Orillia, ON - Tesla Supercharger665 University AveOpen to other EVs128TeslaNACS8250Jun 18, 2026—
Orillia, ON · km 132 · 1 DC port · CCS1, CHAdeMO
Orillia1017 Brodie Drive132FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO150 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
Severn, ON · km 139 · 16 DC ports · NACS
Severn, ON - Tesla Supercharger8825 ON-11Open to other EVs139TeslaNACS8325Jun 18, 2026—
Severn, ON - Highway 11 - Tesla Supercharger8880 ON-11Open to other EVs139TeslaNACS8325Jun 18, 2026—
Washago, ON · km 141 · 1 DC port · CCS1
Regional Tourism Organization 78341 Simcoe County Rd 169141IndependentCCS1150Sep 15, 2026—
Washago, ON · km 148 · 1 DC port · CCS1, CHAdeMO
Washago Car Park8341 Simcoe Road 169148FLOCCS1, CHAdeMO150 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
Bracebridge, ON · km 180 · 23 DC ports · CCS1, NACS
CAVALCADE FORD CAVALCADE 01420 Ecclestone Dr180ChargePointCCS1280Oct 16, 2026—
CAVALCADE FORD CAVALDADE 03420 Ecclestone Dr180ChargePointCCS1280Oct 16, 2026—
CAVALCADE FORD CAVALCADE 02420 Ecclestone Dr181ChargePointCCS12120Oct 16, 2026—
Muskoka Lumber Community Centre - Lakeland EV Charging56 Salmon Ave183Lakeland EvCCS12180Sep 12, 2025$3.50 per hour
Town of Bracebridge - Lakeland EV Charging20 Rene Caisse Ln183Lakeland EvCCS15180Sep 12, 2025$0.69 per kWh
Lakeland Office - Lakeland EV Charging196 Taylor Rd183Lakeland EvCCS12180Sep 12, 2025$0.69 per kWh
Bracebridge, ON - Tesla Supercharger40 Depot DriveOpen to other EVs184TeslaNACS8250Jun 18, 2026—
Huntsville, ON · km 218 · 18 DC ports · CCS1, NACS, CHAdeMO
Huntsville Swiss Chalet150 Hanes Rd218IvyCCS1, CHAdeMO450 / 50Oct 16, 2026—
Huntsville, ON - Tesla Supercharger70 King William StreetTeslas only218TeslaNACS8150Jun 18, 2026—
Bell Parking Lot - Lakeland EV Charging11 High St218Lakeland EvCCS16180Sep 12, 2025$0.69 per kWh

Questions

Do most EVs make the Toronto to Muskoka (Huntsville) round trip in winter?
In January (about −7 °C on average along the route), 53 of 53 EVs in our catalogue make it: 53 comfortably and 0 with a tight margin. In a −20 °C cold snap the count is 53 of 53. These are estimates from official range, ECCC climate normals and the NRCan/AFDC charger list, not road tests.
What is the longest gap between fast chargers from Toronto to Muskoka (Huntsville)?
It depends on the plug. For CCS1 cars with Supercharger access, the longest stretch without a compatible DC fast charger is 38 km (Bracebridge → Huntsville). For Teslas it is 38 km (Bracebridge → Huntsville), for other NACS-port cars 38 km (Bracebridge → Huntsville), and for CCS1 cars without Supercharger access 38 km (Bracebridge → Huntsville).
How many charging stops does a Tesla Model Y RWD need from Toronto to Muskoka (Huntsville) in January?
1 stop in our January estimate (comfortable), about 0:15 of charging on top of 5:55 of driving. Planned stops: Orillia.
Are there backup chargers along the Toronto to Muskoka (Huntsville) route?
NRCan/AFDC lists 78 public DC fast-charging sites at 20 charging hubs within 5 km of the route, 1 of them with limited hours or customers-only access. In our January plan for the Tesla Model Y RWD, 1 of 1 stop has a compatible backup in reach. The data cannot say which chargers are working today, so check PlugShare or the network app before you leave.

More routes and winter guides

How the estimate works

What we model

  • Highway range = official NRCan range × 0.90 (steady 100–110 km/h) × the share of range kept at that temperature: 56% at −30 °C, 66% at −20 °C, 76% at −10 °C, 86% at 0 °C, 95% at 10 °C, 100% at 20 °C. Cars with a confirmed heat pump lose a quarter less (for example 75% instead of 66% at −20 °C). An unknown heat pump counts as none.
  • Temperature is the 1991–2020 ECCC daily mean for the month, averaged over 2–4 weather stations along the road. Cold snaps use a flat −20 °C or −30 °C.
  • You leave full and keep a 10% reserve, so the first leg can use 90% of range. Each later leg runs from 10% to 80% (70%). A trip is comfortable when every stretch uses at most 80% of that, tight when it works with less margin.
  • A charger fits when it has your car's plug and access: CCS1 sites need a CCS1 car or a carried adapter, Tesla Superchargers need a Tesla or a car with Supercharger access, "Teslas only" sites count only for Teslas. Restricted and limited-hours sites are never planned.
  • Stops are the fewest that work, counting the drive off the highway and back. Each stop gets the nearest other compatible hub that is reachable from the previous stop and still reaches the next one.
  • Charging cost uses the network's price from our public-charging table, plus 8% charging loss. Networks not in that table use a typical $0.45–$0.65/kWh. It leaves out the charge at home before you leave.

Not modelled

Wind, hills and mountain passes, snow on the road, winter tires, speeds above 110 km/h, passes that are colder than the route average, and chargers that are broken or busy. Charge times assume you navigate to the charger so the battery is preconditioned; without it, winter charging is much slower.

EV North estimates (no published source)

  • The temperature table, the heat-pump factor and the 0.90 highway factor. No highway winter test with a stated temperature and baseline was available to calibrate them.
  • Average DC power = min(90 % of charger kW, 55 % of the car's peak kW)
  • Unknown charger power assumed 50 kW; unknown car peak assumed 150 kW
  • Cold-charging slowdown ×1.10 at 0 °C, ×1.25 at −10 °C, ×1.40 at −20 °C, ×1.60 at −30 °C (with preconditioning)

Sources behind the model

Data sources